• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Anchor rod with claws, tooling and procedure to make it is an anchoring system by means of a bar with claws (g) that is installed in a hole drilled in a construction element. It serves to hold industrial equipment and to join construction elements. It is generated by creating claws (g) in the fins (b) of a bar by means of a tooling and a method for employing it in a stamping process that form part of the invention. As the claws (g) protrude from the perimeter of the drill and their tips point towards their mouth when the installation is completed, they enter bent and are stuck in the walls of the drill. Before installation the claw area (g) is covered with a thick paper sheath. It can be used with or without adhesive. In the first case, a rubber foam ring is placed in the mouth of the drill to prevent the adhesive from spilling. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2620635A1
    申请号:ES201500927
    申请日:2015-12-28
    公开日:2017-06-29
    发明作者:Luis Vicente SÁNCHEZ PÉREZ
    申请人:Luis Vicente SÁNCHEZ PÉREZ；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    DESCRIPTION

    Anchor bar with claws, tooling and manufacturing procedure.

    Technical Sector 5

    The present invention is part of the construction industry and, within it, is part of the technique of repair and reinforcement of structures and constructions, it is also part of the technique of fastening industrial elements (machinery, facilities, etc.) in construction work and of the union of secondary construction elements 10 (foundations, walls, slabs, beams and pillars of concrete, brick or stone, etc.) with primary constructions, either to reinforce the existing construction or to attach a new one building.

    State of the art 15

    At present, to fasten industrial elements (machinery, installations, etc.) or structural elements (plates, beams, steel supports, etc.) in construction elements (foundations, walls, slabs, beams and pillars of concrete, brick, stone, etc.) of buildings and civil works, bolts installed in drills 20 drilled in the primary construction element in which they are fixed using an adhesive (cement mortar, epoxy resin, etc.), or by pressure lateral that exercises some of the pieces that form the bolt on the walls of the drill (expansion bolts).
     25
    On the other hand, to join a new concrete to another one already built, steel bars are used installed in holes drilled in the primary concrete glued in said holes using an adhesive. The bars are installed so that they protrude outside the hole the length necessary for them to be anchored in the secondary concrete or to splice them to the corresponding bars of the reinforcement of the secondary concrete 30 by any of the methods commonly used in the technique of reinforced concrete (overlap, welding, mechanical bonding, etc.).

    As can be seen from the description that follows, the clamp anchor bar, object of the present invention declaration, allows the above fixings 35 to be made under advantageous conditions with respect to the current procedures.

    Detailed description of the invention

    The anchor rods with claws, object of the present invention declaration, serve to fasten industrial elements or to join structural components to primary construction elements, for which they are installed in drilled holes in said construction elements in which they are fixed by means of the claws (g) on their surface (FIG. 4, 5 and 6). The claws are generated by modifying metal bars that have on their surface two or more longitudinal projections (b) (FIG. 1) called fins that extend along their entire length and that can be parallel to the longitudinal axis of the bar, or be willing to follow a coaxial propeller with it. Consequently, both the anchor bars with claws, as well as the tooling and the process for manufacturing them, by means of which the fins (b) are modified to generate the claws (g) (that is, by means of which the bars with fins are they transform into anchor bars with 50 claws) and the accessories for their installation, form part of the present declaration of invention, since, both the tooling and the procedure for manufacturing anchor bars with claws and the installation accessories are necessary so that anchor rods with claws exist and can be installed.
    Although there may be other arrangements of the fins (b), the most frequent is that they are pairs (FIG. 1) located in diametrically opposite positions with respect to the bar and, if there are several, that are evenly distributed along its perimeter. The fins (b) can be generated during the manufacturing process of the bar (lamination, extrusion, etc.) (FIG. 1) or can be created at a later stage using a bar of larger diameter (FIG. 2) a which is removed by machining (milling, etc.) two longitudinal strips adjacent to the fins (b) that you want to form.

    As indicated, to make anchor rods with claws it is necessary to start rods with fins, which may not have corrugations (FIG. 1 and 2), or have them (FIG. 3) and, if desired, use bars with a configuration different from those existing in the market, they can be manufactured (by extrusion, lamination, etc.) with the desired characteristics both in terms of material (carbon steel, stainless steel, aluminum, etc.), as well as relative to the cross section of the bar (circular, square, etc.) and the size and cross section of the fins (square, semicircular, trapecial, etc.). fifteen

    Currently, there is a wide variety of finned bars on the market and, among them, the most frequent are corrugated bars (FIG. 3) that are used as reinforcement of reinforced concrete, which on its surface in addition to corrugations (k) (of which they receive their name) formed by striations, ribs or discontinuous projections not parallel to the longitudinal axis 20 of the bar, also have fins (b) of the type described above that protrude from the core (a) of the bar. In FIG. 3 bars with the types of corrugations (k) most frequently used in the field of construction are shown.

    In FIG. 4, 5, and 6 represent the different configurations that the 25 anchor bars with claws can adopt according to the application to which they are intended and in FIG. 7, 8 and 9 schematically represent their corresponding installations in drills (t) performed on a building element (p). In these figures it is seen that the anchor bars (FIG. 4, 5 and 6) have two distinct zones, of which, the zone (d), which is the part that is inserted into the hole (t), has the The same configuration in all the applications, while the zone (c), which is the part that protrudes from the surface of the construction element (p), has different configurations according to the intended use, since it can be used to fasten industrial machinery and equipment, in which case this area is threaded (FIG. 4), or to serve as an anchor to reinforcements of a secondary concrete to which the clamp anchor bars are joined by the means customary in the art of reinforced concrete (overlap, welding, etc.) and, in this case, in this area the bar fins are kept unchanged (FIG. 5), or to join a massive secondary construction (concrete, masonry, etc.) to a primary building element (p), in which case this area has claws (g) (FIG. 6), whose points can point in the same direction as those in zone (d) or in the opposite direction. 40

    Each claw (g) is generated (FIG. 4, 5 and 6) by separating a longitudinal piece of a fin (b) from the rest of the fin (b) by one of its ends and the core (a) of the bar at along its lateral junction with it and bending it so that it is attached to the rest of the fin (b) only by its opposite end. The resistance of the unaltered part (h) of the fin (b) with which the claw (g) joins the core (a) of the bar, is that necessary to transmit the force that the clamp anchor bar transmits to the claw (g), which is the part that corresponds to the total load that supports the anchor bar with claws in service conditions. The claws (g) are oriented so that their tips point towards the area (e), that is, towards the mouth of the hole (t) when the anchor bar is installed and, at its end, forms an angle with the axis of the bar that depends on the construction material in which it is installed, although, generally, it is of the order of 45º.

    The configuration of the claws (g) is different depending on the direction of the cut with which its end separates from the rest of the fin (b) to form the tip of the claw (g), and can be a rectangle (FIG. 4) if the cut is perpendicular to the axis of the bar, or a rectangular trapezoid (FIG. 5 and 6) when the cut is oblique with respect to the axis of the bar. In this case the acute angle of the rectangular trapezoid (which forms the tip of the claw (g)) may be on the outer side of the claw (g) (FIG. 5), or on its inner side (FIG. 6) according to the direction of the obliqueness of the cut.

    The claws (g) have the necessary length so that their tips are at a transverse distance from the axis of the bar greater than the radius of the hole (t), so if the axes of the hole (t) and of the line are aligned. anchor bar with claws, the claws (g) protrude transversely outside the perimeter of the hole (t) and, consequently, to insert the anchor bar with claws into the hole (t) the claws (g) must be forced, folding them.
     fifteen
    The claws (g) of two diametrically opposite fins are facing each other forming pairs that protrude to the same side of the anchor bar with claws and, generally, the successive claws (g) of each fin (b) are alternately bent to the right and left, as it appears in FIG. 4, 5 and 6, whereby a pair of claws (g) protrudes to one side of the anchor bar with claws and the next to 20 the opposite and so on. However, there are other possible rules of alternating bending and, for example, all the claws (g) can be folded to the same side of the fin (b) or, also, a group of several claws (g) can be folded to one side and the next group to the opposite and so on. The above possibilities regarding the arrangement of the claws (g) make it possible to adopt the most appropriate one to the specific conditions of each fixation and, for example, allow the arrangement of the claws (g) to adapt to the direction of the force which supports the anchor bar with claws in service conditions, or its location with respect to the edge of the construction element (p) in which it is installed. The claws have their points pointing towards the area that protrudes from the hole, that is, towards the mouth of the hole 30 when the bar with claws is installed.

    The line of separation of the zone (c) that protrudes from the bore of the zone (d) introduced in it, is indicated on the anchor bar with claws by means of a paint mark or a scratch (e) to facilitate its installation on site , since this mark is flush with the construction surface (p) during the installation of the anchor bar with claws. The characteristics of the zones (c) and the works where they have their application are detailed below:

    Zone (c) is threaded (FIG. 4 and 7) 40

    In this case, the anchor bar with claws is used to hold Industrial elements (machinery, equipment, etc.) and seat plates of structural elements in the construction element (p), so its length is determined by the thickness of the element to hold. Four. Five

    Zone (c) preserves the original state of the fins (FIG. 5 and 8)

    In this case, the anchor bar with claws is mainly used as an anchor of a bar of the reinforcement of a secondary concrete, so its length depends on the method used for the union of both (overlap, welding, mechanical joint , etc.). It can also be used to bond a concrete in mass to the building element (p) where the anchor bar with claws is installed and to hold massive secondary construction elements (masonry, brick factory, etc.) in it.
    Zone (c) has claws (g) (FIG. 6 and 9)

    In this case, the anchor bar with claws is used as a joining bar for a mass concrete (or a brick, stone, etc. construction) secondary to a concrete (or a brick, stone, etc.) construction. in which the anchor bar with claws is installed. The length of the zone (c) is the one that requires its anchoring in the secondary concrete and, generally, is less than the previous case, since the claws (g) contribute to the union of the secondary concrete. The orientation of the claws (g) of the zone (c) can be the same or contrary to that of the zone (d).
     10
    For its part, zone (d) (FIG. 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9) is the part of the clamp anchor bar that is installed inside the hole (t), where it is easily inserted , since the claws (g) have their tips pointing towards the mouth of the drill (t). The claws (g) are distributed uniformly throughout the area (d), except in a small part (j) (FIG. 4, 5, 7 and 8) adjacent to the mark (e) whose length is approximately equal to the diameter of 15 the anchor bar, where there are no claws (g) to prevent the mouth of the drill (t) from being discounted due to the forces transmitted by the claws (g). Part (j) may not exist (FIG. 6 and 9) when there is no risk that the hole in the hole (t) will be discounted, as is the case when the clamp anchor bar is used for joining a secondary concrete with a primary one, since, then, the presence of the secondary concrete 20 prevents the primary concrete from flaking.

    Since the cross section of each claw (g) is that of the fin (b), knowing the angle they form with the axis of the clamp anchor bar, the axial component of force transmitted is known and, knowing the total force Since the anchor bar 25 must be supported with claws in service conditions, the number of claws (g) required is determined. On the other hand, as the force that supports the anchor bar with claws is transmitted from it to the claws (g) through the pieces (h) of fin (b) that bind them to the core (a) of the bar, each of these pieces (h) must have the necessary strength to withstand the force that corresponds to each claw (g), which determines its length, since its width is that of the fin (b).

    The necessary amount of claws (g), together with their spacing obtained with the above criteria, allows to define the length of the area (d) and, consequently, the length of the hole (t) to be performed (FIG. 7, 8 and 9 ). On the other hand, this length is also conditioned by the fact that that length determines the part of the construction element (p) that transmits the forces of the claws (g) to its mass, so it must be sufficient for the Construction material adjacent to the drill (t) does not tear off the rest of the construction element (p).
     40
    The necessary amount of claws (g) depends on whether or not adhesive is used in the fixation, since in the first case the bonding produced by the adhesive contributes to transmitting the force that supports the anchor bar with claws in conditions of service, while in the second case this force is transmitted by the claws (g) exclusively.
     Four. Five
    As the claws (g) are forced during their introduction into the drill (t), when the installation is finished, they produce a lateral pressure on their walls, which generates a force that prevents the anchor bar with claws from sliding, so It acts in a similar way to current expansion bolts. Additionally, since the tips of the claws (g) form an angle of approximately 45 ° with the axis of the hole (t) and have 50 points pointing towards its mouth, its claws (g) are nailed to the walls of the hole (t) acting as a harpoon. Consequently, the anchor bar with claws has a double-acting hole (t) fixation (such as current expansion bolts and
    as harpoon), which presents an obvious advantage over current expansion bolts, the fixing of which is of simple effect.

    The fixation produced by the claws (g) in the hole (t) makes the anchor bar with claws resistant in itself, without the collaboration of the adhesive, which allows not only dry installation, that is, without adhesive, but also that, when used with adhesive, it can be used immediately after placement to support a smaller load (e.g. provisional mounting load) without waiting for the adhesive to harden, as is the case with current systems bolts or bars fixed with adhesive. The clamping of the claws (g) also has the advantage that it prevents the anchoring bars with claws from suffering accidental accidental movements during the hardening of the adhesive, which would cause the adhesive to peel off, without reattaching again. .

    Since the claws (g) protrude laterally from the anchor bar with claws, the 15 operators could be punctured or scratched with their tips when handling or installing them and, to avoid this, the entire area with claws (g) is wrapped in a sheath cylindrical (FIG. 10) of paper, cardboard, plastic sheeting, or other similar material, with its two ends that open, having one or more hems (l) along its entire length that protrude from its surface towards the outside enough so that, when starting the introduction of the anchor bar with claws in the hole (t), they stop at the surface of the construction element (p) preventing the sheath from entering the hole (t). Thus, as the anchor bar with claws is introduced into the hole (t), the sheath slides along it and the operator removes it when the installation is completed.
     25
    The hems (l) can be replaced by several longitudinal cuts of small length (FIG. 11) distributed along the end of the sheath with which the introduction into the hole (t) that leaves pieces between them (v) begins of the material of the sheath folded outwards like the petals of a flower and that stop with the mouth of the drill (t) when the installation begins. 30

    When an adhesive (cement mortar, epoxy resin, polyester resin, etc.) is used in the installation of an anchor bar with claws in a drill (t), there is an increase in the strength of the fixing due to the effect of adhesive bonding. In this case, the fixation results from triple effect, since it is produced by lateral pressure on the walls of the hole (t) (acting as the current expansion bolts), by clamping the claws on the walls of the hole (t) ( acting as a harpoon) and by glue (acting as the current fixing bolts by adhesive).

    The existence of claws (g) has an additional advantage over existing adhesive fixing systems 40, since it makes it difficult for the adhesive to run along the bore (t) and exit it, which is especially important when the anchor bar with claws is installed on ceilings.

    If deemed necessary, as an additional security so that the adhesive does not leave the hole (t) when the anchor bar with claws is installed on roofs, in the hole of the hole (t), around the anchor bar with claws, a rubber-foam ring (FIG. 12) or other similar material is installed that is cut by a radial line (or) so that it can be inserted transversely into the anchor bar with claws. The outer and inner diameters of the ring are respectively equal to that of the bore (t) and 50 of the core (a) of the clamp anchor bar. Its cross section is an isosceles triangle with an acute angle at its vertex whose axis of symmetry is perpendicular to the plane of the ring. It is installed transversely by surrounding the anchor bar with claws so that the vertex of the isosceles triangle points towards the mouth of the hole
    and introducing it into the circular groove between the anchor bar with claws and the hole (t), so that it acts as an annular wedge preventing the adhesive from spilling.

    As a complement to the description developed in all of the above, the procedure for installing an anchor bar with claws is described below and a comparison is made of the characteristics of this fixing system with the current systems.

    As indicated in the previous paragraphs, the installation of an anchor bar 10 with claws in a hole (t) made in a construction element (p) (foundation, wall, slab, beam or pillar of concrete, brick or stone , etc.) can be done without using an adhesive or using it. The installation procedure corresponding to the latter case is described below, since it is the most complete and, therefore, covers both cases, given that the procedure corresponding to the first case is the same, eliminating the 15 operations related to the adhesive.

    First (FIG. 7, 8 and 9), a drill (t) is drilled with conventional means (drill bits, augers, diamond crowns, etc.) in the construction element (p) of a depth appropriate to the length of the part (d) of the anchor bar with claws to 20 introduce into the hole (t). The diameter of the drill must be greater than that of the anchor bar including its fins (and corrugations, if any), but smaller than the diameter of the theoretical cylinder on whose surface the tips of the claws (g) are located. Therefore, if the bar is positioned in front of the hole (t) with their respective axes aligned, the claws (g) protrude transversely outside the perimeter of the hole 25 (t).

    Next, the hole (t) is cleaned, eliminating everything that could affect the anchoring of the claws (g) or the adhesive bonding on the walls of the hole (t) (dust, grease, moisture, etc.) and Insert the adhesive (cement mortar, epoxy resin, 30 polyester resin, etc.) into the hole (t), filling it from the bottom to the mouth using a cannula that reaches the bottom of the hole (t), but without filling it totally to prevent the adhesive from overflowing when the anchor bar with claws is inserted into the hole (t).
     35
    Next, the anchor bar with claws is introduced until the mark (e) is in contact with the surface of the construction element (p), whereby the length (d) of the anchor bar is inside the hole (t) with which it is fixed in the construction element (p) and the length (c) required by the fixing to be made protrudes outside the hole (t). To insert the anchor bar with claws, you have to push it with your hand 40 or hit it, since, as the claws (g) protrude transversely outside the perimeter of the hole (t), you have to bend them so that they enter it. As the anchor bar with claws is introduced into the hole (t), the force to introduce it increases, since the number of bent claws (g) that press on the walls of the hole (t) is greater, being maximum a The completion of the installation. Four. Five

    The force required to introduce the anchor bar into the hole (t) depends on the width of the claws (g) with respect to the diameter of the hole (t), the angle of the claws (g) with the axis of the hole (t) and of the length, cross section and hardness of the claws (g). In this regard, it should be noted that, the greater that force is, the pressure exerted by the claws (g) on the walls of the borehole (t) is also greater and, consequently, their attachment to it is greater. In summary, the greater the force necessary to introduce the anchor bar with claws into the hole (t), the resistance of its fixation is also greater, therefore, the characteristics of the claws (g)
    they must be adopted so that, while maintaining this force within acceptable limits, the anchoring bar fixation on the construction element (p) has the required strength and stiffness.

    As the claws (g) enter the hole (t) bent and, during the installation of the anchor bar 5 with claws, their tips point towards the mouth of the hole (t), as they move along it they are scratching in its walls, so that, when the installation is complete, they click on them, so that when the clamp anchor bar is subsequently subjected to the extraction force corresponding to its operating conditions, the claws (g ), acting as a harpoon, transmit that force 10 to the walls of the hole (t) and, from there, that force is transmitted to the mass of the building element (p). Therefore, the characteristics of the claws (g) (transverse width, length, angle with the axis of the hole (t)) must be adopted, not only according to the previous criterion regarding the force required for installation, but also on the basis to the force that each claw (g) has to transmit in service conditions. fifteen

    It follows from the above description that, as indicated above, the clamp anchor bar has advantages over current fastening systems, as can be seen from the following comparison of its characteristics with those of existing systems: 20

    1º.- Since the anchor bar with claws has claws (g) in all the length (d) introduced in the drill (t), the force that it supports in service conditions is distributed throughout that length, which reduces the deformation of the walls of the hole (t) with respect to that produced by the current expansion bolts, in which that force is concentrated at one point, producing plastic deformations in the walls of the hole (t) that, frequently, cause the loosening of the bolt and, sometimes, its removal.

    2º.- Once the zone (d) of the anchor bar is inserted in the hole (t), the 30 claws (g) hold it firmly preventing them from accidentally moving, which is important in the case of fixing by an adhesive, since they prevent it from moving or discoloration due to an accidental blow during the hardening of the adhesive, since if they move then, they take off without being glued again. In this, the present invention outperforms existing fixation bolts by adhesive, which have no fixation during hardening.

    3º.- The fixation produced by the claws (g) makes the clamp anchor bar resistant in itself, without the collaboration of the adhesive, which allows not only dry installation, that is, without adhesive, but also that, when used with adhesive, it can be used for a reduced load immediately after placement, without waiting for the adhesive to harden, as is the case with current bolt or bar systems fixed with adhesive.
     Four. Five
    4º.- When an adhesive is used, the fixation is of triple effect, since it is produced by lateral pressure on the walls of the hole (t) (acting as the current expansion bolts), for sticking the claws on the walls of the hole (t) (acting as a harpoon) and by adhesive glue (acting as the current fixing bolts by means of adhesive), which reports greater safety than the current systems in which the fixing is of simple effect.

    5º.- The claws (g) make it difficult for the adhesive to drain along the hole (t) and get out of it, which is especially important when the anchor bar is installed in ceilings.

    The industrial procedure for transforming a bar with fins (FIG. 1, 2 and 3) into an anchor bar with claws (FIG. 4, 5 and 6) is based on producing a stamping on the fins (b) by means of a press of stamping in which the tooling is installed to manufacture anchor rods with claws to produce in them the claws (g), as described below:
     10
    The tooling for manufacturing anchor rods with claws is formed (FIG. 13) by a fixed part (n), called anvil in everything that follows, and a moving part (l) that moves vertically, called a hammer in everything follow, shown in FIG. 13 in a simplified way, including only the essential elements for stamping so as not to complicate the drawing. Both pieces are shown in relative position 15 that they occupy in reality, that is, with the hammer (l) located above and in the vertical of the anvil (n). It also shows a bar with fins (drawn with dots. As if it were transparent, so that it does not obstruct the view of the anvil geometry (n)) placed on the anvil (n) with its fins (b) embedded in the recesses ( r) of the longitudinal groove (q). The pieces of the tooling for manufacturing anchor rods with 20 claws are obtained by machining (milling, etc.) two prismatic blocks of very hard material (usually special steel for stamping) to create in them the grooves described below.

    Throughout the anvil (n) (FIG. 13) there is a longitudinal groove (q) whose cross section allows the lower half of the bar with fins (the one located below its fins) to be introduced, which, in its upper part, it has an envelope that generates two holes (r), whose cross section is equal to that of the fins (b), which extend along the entire length of the lateral faces of the longitudinal groove (q). The anvil (n) also has a recessed transverse zone that can be a transverse groove (s), whose width in its upper part is equal to the length of the claws practiced throughout the transverse dimension, of the piece as it appears in the FIG. 13, or only on the part affected by the bent down claws (that is, on the faces of the longitudinal groove, located under the punches (y)). The face (z) of the transverse groove (s) in front of which the claws are bent is a vertical plane or a curved surface with the configuration corresponding to the intrados of the bending that is to be produced in the fin (b) to form the claw and the face (u) of the transverse groove in front of which the tips of the claws are formed is vertical and can be a plane perpendicular to the plane of symmetry of the longitudinal groove (q), whereby the claws that are generated in the stamping they are rectangles, (FIG. 4), or they can be two 40 oblique mirror planes with respect to said plane of symmetry, whereby the claws that are generated are rectangular trapezoids with their acute angle (and, therefore, the tip of the claw) on the outer side of the claw (FIG. 5) or on the inner side (FIG. 6) depending on the orientation of the oblique.
     Four. Five
    For its part, the hammer (i) (FIG. 13) has a longitudinal groove (w) along its entire length, whose cross section allows it to enter the upper half of the bar with fins (the existing one by above its fins) and, on both sides of this longitudinal groove (w) it has two punches (and) protruding downwards, facing transversely with each other, whose longitudinal faces have the appropriate configuration 50 to the shape of the claws , so one of them is a curved surface that adapts to the curvature of the claws and the other is a vertical flat surface. The punches have a thickness such that, when the hammer descends completing its course, on each level, between the punches (and) and the groove
    Transverse (s) of the anvil (n) is a free space in which the claws are located. The vertical flat face of the punches (y) is located on the vertical of the flat face (u) of the anvil (n) and, like the face (u) of the anvil, can be a plane perpendicular to the plane of symmetry of the longitudinal groove (w) or being two oblique mirror planes with respect to said plane of symmetry with the same obliqueness as that of said corresponding face 5 (u) of the transverse groove (s) of the anvil (n).

    To generate a pair of claws (g) on a bar with fins (FIG. 1, 2 and 3) the following procedure is used to manufacture anchor bars with claws (FIG. 13):
     10
    1º.- Place the bar with fins (FIG. 1, 2 and 3) on the anvil (n) with its fins (b) embedded in the recesses (r) of its longitudinal groove (q), locating it so that the part of the fins (b) where it is desired to form the pair of claws (g) facing the transverse groove (s).
     fifteen
    2º.- Move the hammer (i) vertically down until its punches (y) are fully inserted into the transverse groove (s) of the anvil (n), whereby the tip of the claw (g) is detached from the rest of the fin (b) and the fin is folded, detaching itself from the core (a) of the finned bar along its lateral junction with it, adapting to the configuration of the curved face (z) of the transverse groove 20 (s)

    3º.- Move the hammer (i) vertically upwards by removing its punches (y) from the transverse groove (s) and separating it from the anvil (n) a distance greater than the diameter of the bar with fins including the claws (g) created to facilitate the extraction of the bar with fins of the longitudinal groove.

    4º.- Move the bar with fins upwards, removing the pair of claws (g) from the transverse groove (s) of the anvil.
     30
    5º.- If the claws are oriented to the right and left alternately, rotate the bar 180º and move it along the longitudinal groove (q) until it is in the position corresponding to the next pair of claws (g) .

    6º.- Move the bar down by fitting its fins (b) into the recesses (r). 35

    7º.- Successively carry out the operations described in the previous points 1º to 6º.

    If the fins (b) do not have a sufficiently smooth and flat surface to fit in the longitudinal groove (q), in their recesses (r) and in the longitudinal groove (w) 40 of the hammer (i), prior to operations of stamping described, a machining (milling, etc.) of the faces of the fins (b) and their union with the core (a) of the bar with fins is carried out. Likewise, if it is considered necessary to facilitate that the tips of the claws (g) detach from the rest of the fins (b), prior to the stamping operations, cuts are made (with abrasive disc, saw, etc.) of all 45 the cross section of the fins (b) at the locations where the tips of the claws (g) will be formed in the same direction as the face (u) of the anvil1, that is, perpendicular or oblique in relation to the plane of symmetry of its longitudinal groove (q), as appropriate.
     fifty
    With the procedure for manufacturing anchor bars with claws described, the claws (g) are generated in pairs, so it is necessary to repeat the stamping process as many times as pairs of claws (g) with the same orientation have the anchor bar with claws. However, several pairs of claws (g) can also be generated in one
    only operation using a tool for manufacturing anchor bars with multiple claws (FIG. 14) whose configuration is corresponding to several stamping heads of the type described (FIG. 13) (as many as pairs of claws oriented in the same direction are generated in a stamping) longitudinally joined so that between the vertical faces (u) of two successive transverse grooves (s) of the anvil (n) 5 (and, consequently, between the vertical faces of two successive punches (y) of the hammer (i) )) is the distance to which two pairs of successive claws (g) must be folded in the same direction. When the successive claws (g) are alternately oriented in opposite directions and all the claws (g) of the same orientation are generated in a stamping operation, only two stamping operations are required in the manner described above to generate all the claws ( g) of the anchor bar with claws. It is necessary to point out that, in this case, the hammer (i) has gaps (m) that affect the entire cross section or only the fin area, that is, the longitudinal groove area (q) located below the recesses, located between every two successive punches (and) in positions 15 corresponding to the claws (g) of opposite direction existing between them that are formed by a groove transverse to the block and, therefore, affecting the whole of its cross-section or by means of widening in the longitudinal groove of length, width and height equal at least to the dimensions of the claws, into which the claws (g) of opposite direction generated in the previous stamping 20 are introduced since, when turning the anchor bar with claws 180º, as it is necessary to do between the two prints, those claws (g) protrude upwards.
    权利要求:
    Claims (3)
    [1]

    1. Anchor bar with claws that is characterized in that in the longitudinal protrusions existing on the surface of a bar, called fins in everything that follows, claws formed by longitudinal pieces of its fins are created that are folded away from the rest of the fin by one of its ends and the core of the bar along its lateral union with it, so that the claws are attached to the rest of the fin only by its opposite end, said modification being made by folding pieces of fin to the right and left, alternatively or with another alternating ruler, so that the ends of the claws form an angle of approximately 45 ° with the axis of the bar and that their 10 points are at a radial distance from the axis of the bar greater than the radius of the hole in which the anchor bar with claws is installed, the tips of which are oriented towards a mark engraved on the core of the anchor bar with claws with paint or with a scratch which indicates the separation of the two existing zones in the anchor bar with claws whose functions are different, since the first one, 15 which is the one that is introduced into the drill, always has claws evenly distributed throughout its entire length, except in an area adjacent to the aforementioned mark, which may not exist, whose length is approximately equal to the diameter of the core of the anchor bar with claws, while the second zone, which is the one that protrudes from the drill, has different configurations according to the application in which the 20 anchor bar with claws is used, being able to be threaded, or maintain the original configuration of the fins, or have claws on its fins oriented towards the cited mark or in the opposite direction and, before installation of the anchor bar with claws in the drill, all parts of both areas with claws are wrapped by cylindrical sheaths of thick paper, cardboard, flexible plastic sheet or another similar material, open at its two 25 ends, which have one or several longitudinal hems along its entire length that protrude from its surface outward, or have several longitudinal cuts at its end that contacts the drill mouth uniformly distributed , so that between them there are pieces of the sheath folded outwards like the petals of a flower that protrude more than the radius of the drill and, finally, it should be noted that the installation of the anchor bar with claws can be carried out without using an adhesive or using it and, in the latter case, in the aforementioned mark, surrounding the core of the anchor bar with claws a ring is installed transversely that has a radial cut that affects its entire cross-section, made of rubber- foam or other similar material, whose outer and inner diameters are respectively equal to that of the drill and 35 of the core of the bar, which has a cross section rsal which is an isosceles triangle whose angle at the vertex is acute and points towards the area with claws that is introduced into the drill.

    [2]
    2. Tooling for manufacturing anchor rods with claws characterized in that it is formed by two pieces, one of which, called anvil in everything that follows, is fixed, and the other, called hammer in everything that follows, is It moves vertically, is located above the previous one and is constituted by a prismatic block of hard material for stamping with a horizontal longitudinal groove along its entire length that has a cross section that allows it to enter part 45 of the finned bar located above its fins and, on both sides of said longitudinal groove, two symmetrical punches protrude downwardly with respect to the plane of symmetry of the longitudinal groove, whose inner lateral faces are in the same vertical plane as the faces sides of said longitudinal groove and one of its faces perpendicular to the previous ones, that is, a longitudinal face, is one of its curved surface whose configuration is adequate to generate the expected bending of the claws, while the other side is a vertical surface, along which the punches are vertically moved, which can be a plane perpendicular to the plane of symmetry of the longitudinal groove, or they can be
    planes that form the same dihedral angle with said plane of symmetry and, on the other hand, the anvil is constituted by a prismatic block that has a horizontal longitudinal groove along its entire length whose cross section has the same width as the longitudinal groove of the hammer and, therefore, allows the part of the bar with fins located below the upper face of its fins to be placed therein, with the particularity that all along the upper edges of the lateral faces of said groove longitudinally there are holes in which the fins of the bar fit and, likewise, the anvil has a horizontal transverse groove, perpendicular to the longitudinal groove, whose cross section allows the pair of hammer punches to be introduced therein with a pair of claws attached to its face 10 curve, since, in its upper part, its width is equal to the maximum longitudinal dimension of the punch together with that of a claw attached to it measured horizontally from the vertical face of the punch to the point where the bending of the claw begins and, at that point, the transverse groove face of the anvil continues downward according to a vertical plane or according to a curved surface that fully fits the curved surface of the claw attached to the punch, while the other side of the transverse groove is a vertical surface that is in prolongation of the vertical face of the punches and, by therefore, it can be a vertical plane perpendicular to the plane of symmetry of the longitudinal groove or two vertical planes that form the same dihedral angle with said plane of symmetry, located one on each side of said groove and, therefore, specularly symmetrical with respect to its plane of symmetry and, finally, it should be noted that, likewise, a multiple tooling formed by joining so many hammers and t longitudinally together can be used before the anvils of the types described as pairs of claws it is desired to create with them, placing them with a longitudinal distance between every two consecutive so that the distance between the vertical flat faces 25 of two successive hammer punches and, therefore, between the faces vertical planes of two successive transverse grooves of the anvil, equal to the distance between two successive pairs of claws of the same orientation, with the particularity that, in this case, the hammer has holes formed by grooves transverse to the prismatic block and, by so much, that they affect their entire cross-section, or by means of local widening in the lateral faces of the longitudinal groove which, in both cases, are located between every two successive punches in the positions corresponding to the pairs of claws of opposite orientation located between they and that have sufficient dimensions for said claws to be introduced into they. 35

    [3]
    3. Procedure for manufacturing anchor rods with claws that are characterized by the use of bars with existing fins on the market, or bars in which fins are created by eliminating two longitudinal strips of the bar material adjacent to the fin to be formed, in which claws are created, for which, each bar is placed on the anvil by fitting its fins into the longitudinal grooves of its longitudinal groove, locating it so that the points of the fins where the tips of the pair of claws are flush with the vertical flat face of the anvil and then the hammer is lowered as necessary so that, when descending the punches, the pair of claws is formed with the required configuration and then the hammer is raised and the bar with fins is removed and, in case it is provided that the claws are alternately oriented to the right and left, the bar with fins is rotated 180 ° and moves to the arc of the longitudinal groove of the anvil until the points of the fins where the tips of the successive pair of claws oriented in the opposite direction will be formed are flush with the vertical flat face of the anvil and, then, the hammer is raised and the bar with fins is removed, continuing in this way until the preparation of all the planned claws is completed, it should be noted that, if another alternation of the claws is used, the process is the same, adapting the rotation of the bar to the expected alternation On the other hand, an anvil and an
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US1417818A|1921-06-07|1922-05-30|William K Frost|Nail|
    GB282226A|1927-01-06|1927-12-22|Chubb & Sons Lock & Safe Co|Improvements in or relating to the reinforcement of concrete structures|
    US3494164A|1967-01-03|1970-02-10|Baustahlgewebe Gmbh|Process for producing a reinforcing rod for concrete|
    US5018919A|1989-04-15|1991-05-28|Bergwerksverband Gmbh|Combined rigid profile and stretching roof bolt with expansion element|
    FR2865249A1|2004-01-15|2005-07-22|Pont Sur Seine Ind|Anchoring dowel for heavy load e.g. parabolic type antenna support, has shaft comprising middle section surrounded by tubular sections equipped with anchoring splines that form off-set external to shaft under impulsion of fixation screw|
    WO2008078008A1|2006-12-22|2008-07-03|Marcel Arteon|Anchor for handling building elements, in particular a concrete panel|
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